by Talgat Kabdygali Post-Soviet countries continue to grapple with their ideological identity, often finding themselves at a crossroads. Friedrich Engels noted that the state emerged to manage conflicts resulting from economic inequality, suggesting that a society without internal conflicts might require a concrete state ideology rather than mere political maneuvering. This ambiguity reflects broader questions […]
by Maryam Noureen Janjua The political dynamics of international relations often shift with the changing tides of leadership. The re-election of Donald Trump as the 47th President of the United States marks a critical juncture for countries around the world, including Pakistan. With the electoral votes projected to secure his victory in the 2024 US […]
by Sultan Alateeg Labor Force Integration in Saudi Arabia Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations seek to increase the number of citizens working in the private sector to deal with the influx of new workers. They have implemented workforce nationalization programs to reverse two aspects of their labor markets: the preference for hiring citizens for positions […]